Internasjonalt samarbeid på det økonomiske felt blir i omfang og intensitet stadig viktigere og dermed en mer sentral del av utenrikspolitikken. Forskningen i Avdeling for internasjonal økonomi er bredt anlagt, med et hovedfokus på internasjonal handel og investeringer, teknologi og økonomisk vekst, fattigdom og korrupsjon.
Økonomisk vekst og teknologisk innovasjon er av økende betydning i avdelingens portefølje. Internasjonal handelspolitikk, inntektsulikhet og fattigdom, samt betydningen av faste kostnader ved eksport er temaer som har hatt prioritet.
Sentrale fullførte prosjekter:
Aid for trade [2006–2007]
Norges handelspolitikk overfor utviklingsland - GSP [2004–2005]
Globalisering og ulikhet [1999–2000]
Pågående prosjekter [vis alle]
Non-tariff barriers, food safety and international food trade
This project aims to provide new evidence on non-tariff barriers to trade in the Russian, Chinese, Ukrainian and other markets, and examine their cost and impact on trade. Les mer
Sommerfugloppdrett i India
Verdikjeder for bærekraftig vern, integrert utvikling, og styrking av livsgrunnlag: Anvendt på sommerfugloppdrett i India. Les mer
Defense industrial capabilities in small open economies: Opportunities and challenges in a European context?
In this project, the defense industrial capabilities in small open economies will be examined in a European context. Les mer
Fullførte prosjekter [vis alle]
State Failure and Regional Insecurity
Prosjektet undersøker sammenhengen mellom staters sammenbrudd og den regionale sikkerhetssituasjonen. Les mer
Trade preferences for the Least Developed Countries' exports of services
The project examines the possible forms of preferential treatment for the services exports of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and the possible impact they might have on trade. Les mer
Market potential and trade barriers for Norway's exports: A gravity analysis
The project quantifies the potential increase in Norway's exports of goods if trade barriers in various export markets are removed. Les mer
Publikasjoner
- Andvig, Jens Chr. (2012). Public procurement and organized crime: – illustrated with examples from Bulgaria, Italy and Norway. NUPI-notat: 813. 36 sider. Artikkelen forklarer hvordan mekanismer for offentlige anskaffelser og privatisering fungerer i land som Bulgaria, Italia og Norge. Forfatteren undersøker også hvordan disse mekanismene kan bli påvirket av organisert kriminalitet.
- Castellacci, Fulvio (2012). The Norwegian paradox: Innovation and industrial structure in Norway in a European perspective. Oslo, Nærings- og Handelsdepartementet. 14 sider. Rapportkapittelet presenterer en analyse som antyder at norsk næringsliv er svært innovativt innenfor de næringene vi konkurrerer i. Samtidig peker forfatteren ut noen framtidige utfordringer for norsk næringsliv, og oppfordrer til oppbygging av nye konkurransefortrinn i høyteknologiske vekstnæringer.
- Castellacci, Fulvio (2012). Business Groups, Innovation and Institutional Voids in Latin America. NUPI-notat: 809. 41 sider. Notatet presenterer en empirisk analyse av latin-amerikanske forretningsgruppers innovatiove aktiviteter.
- Castellacci, Fulvio
(2012). The determinants of firms internationalization in services,
In Hveem, H. and Knutsen, C. H.: Governance and Knowledge: The Politics of Foreign Investment, Technology and Ideas.
.Routledge.This book chapter analyzes how determinants of firms internationalization in services differ across the four GATS modes. [url] - von Brasch, Thomas , Johan Byström, Lars Petter Lystad
(2012). Optimal Control and the Fibonacci Sequence,
i Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Volum 154, Nr. 3
.Springer.s. 857-878.In this article, the authors bridge mathematical number theory with optimal control and show that a generalised Fibonacci sequence enters the control function of finite-horizon dynamic optimisation problems with one state and one control variable. [url] - Melchior, Arne (2012). World Trade 1970-2010: Globalisation, Regionalisation and Reallocation. NUPI-notat: 805. 30 sider. Ved hjelp av data fra mer enn 200 land, fordelt på ni regioner, har NUPI-forskere studeret verdens varehandel fra 1970 fram til 2010. De viktigste endringene er den dalende relative betydningen av Vest-Europa, samt Asias økende betydning.
- Eriksen, Stein Sundstøl, Sverre Lodgaard, Arne Melchior, Karl Rich, Elana Wilson Rowe, Ole Jacob Sending (2012). BRICS, Energy and the New World Order . Oslo, NUPI. 39 sider. I denne studien undersøker NUPI-forskere ulike aspekter ved temaet BRIKS og global energi.
- Maurseth, Per Botolf, Hege Medin (2012). Market specific fixed and sunk export costs: The impact of learning and spillovers . NUPI-notat: 803. 65 sider. Dette notatet gir støtte for markedsspesifikke faste og ugjenkallelige kostnader i bedrifters eksportmarkeder. Slike kostnader bidrar til at eksportører blir værende i eksportmarkedene når de først er etablert der. Når bedrifter har eksportert til et marked året før, øker sannsynligheten for å betjene dette markedet året etter til det dobbelte. Funnene gir også støtte for læringseffekter og spillover effekter fra andre foretak på kostnadene ved eksport.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Martin Blom, Arne Martin Fevolden (2012). The trade-off between Innovation and Defence Industrial Policy: A Simulation Model Analysis of the Norwegian Defence Industry. NUPI-notat: 801. 36 sider. This paper investigates the trade-off between innovation and defence industrial policy. It presents an agent-based simulation model calibrated for the Norwegian defence industry that compares different policy scenarios and examines the effects of a pending EU market liberalization process.
- Maurseth, Per Botolf, Svensson, Roger (2012). International patenting. NUPI-notat: 800. 39 sider. International patenting is increasing in importance. In this article, Mauseth and Svennsson indicate that the propensity to apply for international patent protection increases with indicators of the value of the invention, indictors of technological rivalry, and market size in the markets where patent applications are submitted.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Jose Miguel Natera (2012). Innovation, Absorptive Capacity and Complexity along Development Stages. NUPI-notat: 799. 63 sider. The paper presents an empirical analysis of the time series properties of Schumpeterian multiple equilibria models.
- Melchior, Arne , Karl Rich, Brian Perry (2012). Norsk handel med de fattigste – mellom profitt og utviklingspolitikk. Oslo, NUPI. 142 sider. Rapporten analyserer de minst utviklede landenes handelshindringer. På tross av nulltoll på enkelte landbruksvarer, forblir handelen til Norge beskjeden. Hvorfor er det slik, og hva kan gjøres for å øke handelen?
- Melchior, Arne , Karl Rich, Brian Perry (2012). A case study of Norway’s beef trade from developing countries. NUPI-notat: 796. 31 sider. This working paper provides information on Norway’s beef trade in the context of GSP.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Arne Fevolden (2012). Capable Companies or Changing Markets?: Explaining the Export Performance of Firms in the Defence Industry. NUPI-notat: 795. 43 sider. The paper carries out an empirical analysis of the factors explaining the export performance of firms in the defence sector of Norway.
- Castellacci, Fulvio
(2011). Theoretical Models of Heterogeneity, Growth and Competitiveness,
in Jovanovic, M. (ed.), International Handbook of Economic Integration.
.University of Geneva, Switzerland,Edward Elgar.This book chapter presents a survey of theoretical models of heterogeneity, growth and competitiveness. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio
(2011). Closing the Technology Gap?,
in Review of Development Economics, Vol. 15, No. 1.
.Wiley-Blackwell.s. 180-197. This paper focuses on the dimensions shaping the dynamics of technology. The results indicate that the cross-country distributions of technological infrastructures and human capital have experienced a process of convergence, whereas the innovative intensity is characterized by increasing polarization between rich and poor economies. Thus, while the conditions for catching up have generally improved, the increasing innovation gap represents a major factor behind the observed differences in income per capita. [url] - Andvig, Jens Chr., Tiberius Barasa (2011). Cops and Crime in Kenya: A Research Report. NUPI-notat: 794. 140 sider. This paper presents and analyzes most empirical research about crime and police corruption in Kenya that has been based on vicitimization statistics. It shows the wide variation in outcomes and draws implications of this for the potential use of this approach for police and crime policy.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Martin Blom, Arne Fevolden (2011). Defence Firms Facing Liberalization: Innovation and Export in an Agent-based Model of the Defence Industry. NUPI-notat: 793. 54 sider. This simulation analysis points out that European defence firms will progressively become more efficient, less dependent on public procurement and innovation policy support, and more prone to knowledge sharing and inter-firm collaborations.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Natera, Jose Miguel
(2011). A new panel dataset for cross-country analysis of national systems, growth and development.,
in Innovation and Development, Vol. 1.(2)
.Routledge.s. 205-226.Missing data represent an important limitation for cross-country analyses of national systems, growth and development. This paper presents a new cross-country panel dataset with no missing value. [url] - Melchior, Arne
(2011). India, Kina og Øst-Asia: Hvor sterke er vindene fra øst? ,
i Internasjonal Politikk 3/2011
.Oslo,Universitetsforlaget.s. 517-525.Kina og India blir ofte presentert som to alen av samme stykke når det gjelder økonomisk utvikling. Arne Melchior nyanserer dette bildet. Han viser at Kina vokser langt raskere enn India og minner om at de to kjempene er blant verdens største også når det gjelder absolutt fattigdom. [url] - Melchior, Arne
(2011). East-West Integration: A Geographical Economics Approach,
i Dabrowski, M. og Maliszewska, M. (red.) EU Eastern Neighborhood. Economic Potential and Future Development.
.Heidelberg,Springer.s. 23-44.I dette kapittelet stiller Arne Melchior spørsmålet: Skaper økonomisk integrasjon i Europa større ulikhet mellom regioner innad i landene, eller er det motsatte tilfelle? [url] - Rich, Karl , Perry, B.D
(2011). The economic and poverty impacts of animal diseases in developing countries: new roles, new demands for economics and epidemiology,
i Preventive Veterinary Medicine 101(3-4)
.Elsevier.s. 133-147.The article explores the economic and poverty impacts of animal diseases in developing countries. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio , Jose Miguel Natera (2011). The Dynamics of National Innovation Systems: A Panel Cointegration Analysis of the Coevolution between Innovative Capability and Absorptive Capacity. NUPI-notat: 791. 43 sider. This paper puts forward the idea that the dynamics of national innovation systems is driven by the coevolution of two main dimensions: innovative capability and absorptive capacity.
- Andvig, Jens Chr., Boyko Todorov (2011). Anti-corruption in Public Procurement. Sofia, Bulgaria, Center for the Study of Democracy. 89 sider. This paper analyzes the mechanisms of corruption in public procurement in the context of the EU policies in this area.
- Castellacci, Fulvio (2011). Service Innovation, Trade and FDI. NUPI-notat: 789. 31 sider. This paper introduces service innovation in the proximity-concentration trade-off model of trade and FDI. The results show that firms are more likely to choose FDI rather than export the greater their productivity level and the higher the relational distance costs they face.
- Rich, Karl , Brian Perry
(2011). Whither Commodity-based Trade?,
i Development Policy Review 29 (3)
.Blackwell.s. 331-357.Artikkelen undersøker de potensielle økonomiske følger reguleringsendringene i internasjonal handel med kjøttprodukter har for u-landenes markedstilgang. [url] - Melchior, Arne , Åshild Johnsen (2011). Forhandlingsrunden i WTO . Oslo, NUPI. 35 sider. Rapporten ser på muligheter for reduksjoner i bundet toll på sjømat i Doha-runden i WTO og hva dette kan bety for norsk sjømateksport.
- Rich, Karl , R. Brent Ross, A. Derek Baker, Asfaw Negassa
(2011). Quantifying value chain analysis in the context of livestock systems in developing countries ,
in Food Policy, Volume 36, Issue 2, April 2011
.Elsevier.s. 214-222.This paper offers theoretical and applied insights on ways to improve the analytical rigor of the value chain methodology that combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio
(2011). Theoretical Models of Heterogeneity, Growth and Competitiveness: Insights from the Mainstream and Evolutionary Economics Paradigms,
i Jovanovic, Miroslav N. (red.) International Handbook On The Economics Of Integration, Volume Ii
.Edward Elgar.s. . [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio , Jose Miguel Natera (2011). A new panel dataset for cross-country analyses of national systems, growth and development (CANA). NUPI-notat: 783. 52 sider. Missing data represent an important limitation for cross-country analyses of national systems, growth and development. This paper presents a new cross-country panel dataset with no missing value.
- Rich, Karl , Kumar, P., Shinoj, P., Raju, S.S., Kumar, A., Msangi, S.
(2010). Factor Demand, Output Supply Elasticities and Supply Projections for Major Crops of India,
Agricultural Economics Research Review, 23, Issue 1
.Agricultural Economics Research Association (India).s. 1-14. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio ,
(2010). The internationalization of firms in the service industries: Channels, determinants and sectoral patterns,
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77 (3)
.Elsevier.s. 500-513.The paper presents the results of a new survey on the international activities of Norwegian enterprises in the service industries. The survey focuses on three main internationalization channels: international sales, international cooperation and R&D outsourcing. [url] - Rich, Karl , Peter Roeder
(2010). The Global Effort to Eradicate Rinderpes,
in David J. Spielman and Rajul Pandya-Lorch (eds.) Proven successes in agricultural development: a technical compendium to Millions Fed
. Washington D.C.,International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).s. .This analysis attempts to present lessons learned from the experience gained in eradicating rinderpest, and explores the socioeconomic gains made as a result. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio
(2010). How does competition affect the relationship between innovation and productivity? Estimation of a CDM model for Norway,
Economics of Innovation and New Technology , vol. 19,
.Routledge.s. 1-22.The paper investigates the effects of industry-level competition on firm-level innovation and productivity. We propose a refined version of the CDM (Crepon, Duguet, and Mairesse) model that analyses the impacts of competition on four interrelated stages of the innovation process: the choice of a firm to engage in innovation, its R&D intensity, its innovation output and labour productivity. [url] - Bye, Vegard (2010). Bolívars uekte sønner. Oslo, Spartacus. 384 sider. Vegard Bye tar for seg forholdet mellom de venstreorienterte regjeringene i Sør-Amerika og USA og spør om vi står foran en egentlig amerikansk fred, eller en Pax Latinoamericana.
- Rich, Karl , Simeon Kaitibie, Amos Omore, Patti Kristjanson
(2010). Kenyan Dairy Policy Change: Influence Pathways and Economic Impacts,
World Development, Volume 38, Issue 10, October 2010,
.Elsevier.s. 1494-1505.Marketing, transporting, processing, and consuming dairy products contribute significantly to the livelihoods of many poor Kenyan households. This study analyzes the impact of recent research supporting policy changes to liberalize informal milk markets. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio
(2010). Structural change and the growth of industrial sectors: Empirical test of a GPT model,
Review of Income and Wealth, Volume 56, Issue 3, September 2010
.Wiley.s. 449–482.This paper investigates the empirical relevance of a model of structural change and the growth of industrial sectors. The model analyzes the process of diffusion of general-purpose technologies (GPTs) and how this affects the dynamic performance of manufacturing and service industries. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio , Jinghai Zheng
(2010). Technological regimes, Schumpeterian patterns of innovation and firm-level productivity growth,
Industrial and Corporate Change
.Oxford University Press.s. .The article investigates the relationships between technological regimes and firm-level productivity performance, and it explores how such a relationship differs in different Schumpeterian patterns of innovation. [url] - Rich, Karl , Francis Wanyoike
(2010). An Assessment of the Regional and National Socio-Economic Impacts of the 2007 Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Kenya,
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 83 (Suppl 2)
.s. 52-57.This work assesses and quantifies the multi-dimensional socio-economic impacts of the 2007 Rift Valley Fever outbreak in Kenya based on a rapid assessment of livestock value chains in the northeast part of the country and a national macroeconomic analysis. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio (2010). Firm Heterogeneity, International Cooperations and Export Participation. NUPI-notat: 781. 31 sider. The paper investigates the relationship between firms’ international cooperation strategies and export decision, and analyses the empirical relevance of a model of firm heterogeneity and export by using a new survey dataset on Norwegian firms in the service sectors in the period 2004-2006.
- Melchior, Arne (2010). Globalisation, Domestic Market Integration, and the Regional Disparities of India. NUPI-notat: 780. 59 sider. Indias vekst har vært ledsaget av økende regional ulikhet. Notatet viser at økt handel neppe er årsak til dette; en mer nærliggende forklaring er forskjeller i utdanning, investeringer og infrastruktur mellom regionene. For at vekst skal fjerne fattigdom bør India øke integrasjonen mellom delstatene og ikke bare den internasjonale handelen.
- Andvig, Jens Chr. (2010). State Bipolarity, Kin Organizations and Violent Collective Action. NUPI-notat: 779. 57 sider. The paper deals with the interaction between public sector efficiency, corruption and the outbreak of violent conflicts.
- Melchior, Arne
(2010). Globalisation and the provinces of China: the role of domestic versus international trade integration,
Journal of Chinese Economics and Business Studies, vol. 8, no. 3
.Routledge.s. 227-252.Regional disparities are particularly high in some larger emerging economies, such as Russia and China, and inter-provincial inequality in China has increased rapidly after 1990. In the literature, a statistical link between globalisation and increased regional disparities in China has been established, but not the precise mechanisms and causal relationships. In this paper, we therefore simulate a world trade model with 166 countries and regions in order to shed light on these mechanisms and the future development of regional disparities in China. [url] - Andvig, Jens Chr.
(2010). Corruption and Conflict: Contrasting Logics of Collective Action,
in Harpviken, Kristian Berg [ed.], Troubled Regions and Failing States: The Clustering and Contagion of Armed Conflict, Comparative Social Research, Volume 27
.Bingley, Emerald.s. 77-102.Extensive corruption and civil wars are two different symptoms of state failure, but have most of the time been studied separately. This article systematically compares the organizational characteristics of the two phenomena as well as the various research efforts into them, with a focus on economic explanations. [url] - Castellacci, Fulvio (2010). Closing the Technology Gap?. NUPI-notat: 777. 33 sider. This paper carries out an empirical analysis that investigates the dynamics of technology in a large sample of developed and developing economies in the last two-decade period. The results indicate that the cross-country distributions of technological infrastructures and human capital have experienced a process of convergence, whereas the innovative intensity is characterized by increasing polarization between rich and poor economies.
- Rich, Karl , Brian D. Perry (2010). Whither Commodity-Based Trade?. NUPI-notat: 776. 44 sider. Notatet undersøker de potensielle økonomiske følger reguleringsendringene i internasjonal handel med kjøttprodukter har for u-lands markedstilgang.
- Castellacci, Fulvio , Bart Los, Gaaitzen J. de Vries (2010). Sectoral Productivity Trends: Convergence Islands in Oceans of Divergence. NUPI-notat: 775. 40 sider. Notatet undersøker om produktiviteten i de viktigste sektorene av økonomien (f.eks. industrien, tjenestesektoren, landbruket) i et utvalg på 49 land har hatt sammenfallende eller forskjellige utviklingstrekk i perioden 1970–2004.
- Melchior, Arne , Christopher Stevens, Åshild Johnsen (2010). Services and Development. Oslo, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs [NUPI]. 135 sider. Rapporten analyserer betydningen av tjenestehandel for utvikling, og mulige tiltak i GATS (Generalavtalen for handel med tjenester) for å fremme utvikling gjennom handel med tjenester.
- Andvig, Jens Chr., Scott Gates
(2010). Recruiting Children for Armed Conflict ,
in Gates, Scott and Simon Reich [eds.] Child Soldiers in the Age of Fractured States
.Pittsburgh,University of Pittsburgh Press.s. 77-92. [url] - Andvig, Jens Chr., Gbewopo Attila (2010). Crime, Police Corruption and Development: Evidence from Victimization Data. NUPI-notat: 772. 53 sider. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether some specific sets of criminal actions that have impact on the security of property and persons and the behaviourally related police corruption may have significant impact on the long run economic development.