Terrorisme og polarisering i Frankrike: Trusselen, retorikken og politikken
Sidan 2015 har over 250 menneske blitt drepne i jihadistiske terrorangrep i Frankrike. Kvifor er Frankrike så utsett for terrorisme, og kva effekt har terroren på det franske samfunnet og fransk politikk?
The Fragility Dilemma and Divergent Security Complexes in the Sahel
De sårbare og konfliktfylte statene i Sahel har de senere år opplevd en betydelig økning i internasjonal bistand og ekstern militær tilstedeværelse, inkludert en rekke tiltak for å styrke lov og orden. Likevel forverres situasjonen for folk flest. I denne artikkelen argumenterer vi for at dette i stor grad skyldes et såkalt "sårbarhetsdilemma", som handler om at samtidig som sårbare stater har et kritisk behov for internasjonal støtte og assistanse, har de også begrenset kapasitet til å absorbere denne hjelpen på en betydningsfull måte. I tillegg dikteres ofte vilkårene for internasjonale bidrag av korrupte regimer som er vel vitende om at eksterne aktører avhenger av dem for å sikre egne sikkerhetsinteresser i regionen. Dette dilemmaet har bidratt til et økende avvik mellom et statssentrisk regionalt og et menneske-sentrisk transnasjonalt sikkerhetskompleks, som igjen har ført til en forverret situasjon på bakken. Vi argumenterer for at særlig den sikkerhetsdrevne håndteringen av voldelig ekstremisme og såkalt «irregulær» migrasjon har hatt en rekke utilsiktede konsekvenser i Sahel.
Hacking democracy: managing influence campaigns and disinformation in the digital age
How are states responding to the threat of using digital technologies to subvert democratic processes? Protecting political and democratic processes from interference via digital technologies is a new and complicated security threat. In recent years the issue has been most prominent in terms of election security, yet the widespread usage of digital technologies allows for the subversion of democratic processes in multifaceted ways. From disrupting the political discourse with false information to inflaming and stoking political divisions digital technologies allows for a variety of ways for malicious actors to target democracies. This article compares different state experiences with interference in sovereign and contested political decisions. More specifically the article compares the Norwegian approach and experience in managing these challenges with those of Finland and the UK. Mapping both how the problem is understood, and the role of previous experiences in shaping public policy.
Singapore: How to Attract More Investment in Renewable Energy?
Singapore has limited renewable energy potential due to its small surface area and the limited space available. Solar power has the greatest potential. Given the country’s limited spare land, rooftops and vertical spaces on high-rise buildings are of particular importance. Singapore set a target of producing solar energy to cover 350,000 households in 2030 that would be equivalent to 4% of the country’s current electricity demand. In 2019, solar energy accounted for less than 1% of Singapore’s total energy mix. We propose four actions to improve the investment climate for renewable energy in Singapore: develop incentive and regulatory support mechanism; consolidate solar energy governance; mobilise equity investors and lenders; specialise in the long-distance trade of renewable energy, especially in the form of hydrogen.
The Philippines: How to Leapfrog from a Complicated Renewable Energy Sector to an Attractive One
The Philippines set the target of increasing the share of renewable energy in its energy mix from 16.9% in 2019 to 26.9% by 2030. This ambitious target requires significant additional investment in renewable energy. It has been estimated that the Philippines could attract USD 20 billion in renewable energy investment through auctions between 2020 and 2030. To achieve this, the investment climate for renewables needs to be improved. Over the last few years, other ASEAN countries such as Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand have been viewed as more attractive markets by foreign investors. We propose five actions that can improve the attractiveness of Philippines’ investment climate for renewable energy and help it join the regional race for investment: prioritise renewables in the energy governance system; enforce existing regulatory and fiscal policies; raise the targets and develop an investment roadmap; facilitate market entry for renewable energy investors; build capacity for renewable energy governance.
Forbetring av skattesamsvar og inntektsinnsamling: Bevis frå Uganda
Velkommen til det tredje webinaret i Tax for Development Webinar-serien der Maria Jouste vil presentere studien "Do tax administrative interventions targeted at small businesses improve tax compliance and revenue collection? Evidence from Ugandan tax data."
NATO's utfordringar frå Arktis til svartehavet
Kva utfordringar møter NATO i aust dei kommande åra? LSE IDEAS, the New Strategy Center Bucharest og NUPI inviterer til konferanse