Publikasjoner
Utenrikspolitikkens mål er å gjøre innenrikspolitikken mulig
I en mer tilspisset geopolitisk tid, er sannsynligheten økende for at verdens største statlig eide fond vil bli del av utenrikspolitiske problemstillinger. Både fordi skillet mellom politikk og økonomi er vanskeligere å opprettholde i 2024 enn på 90-tallet, samt fordi fondet er blitt så enormt stort. Andre land ofte verken skjønner eller godtar fullt ut at det er et skille mellom fondet og Norges øvrige politikk. Fondets framtid er av fundamental interesse for Norge. Norske myndigheter bør derfor forberede seg på at mer vanskelige utenrikspolitiske problemstillinger for fondet trolig kommer.
Stories we live by: the rise of Historical IR and the move to concepts
I denne artikkelen, starter forfatterne med å sitere Tyrion Lannister fra Game of Thrones på at “There’s nothing more powerful than a good story. Nothing can stop it. No enemy can defeat it”. Med dette utgangspunktet diskuterer de så hvordan tradisjonelle fortellinger om internasjonal politikk fortsetter å prege faget Internasjonal Politikk, lenge etter at de har blitt avkledd og avslørt som myter. I stor grad skyldes dette at fortiden leses med nåtidig blikk, og at vi bruker begreper om fortiden som var ukjente (og ville ha vært uforståelige) i sin samtid. En mulig løsning, presentert i artikkelen, ligger i å ta begrepshistorie på alvor og undersøke hvordan å gå inn i fortidige begreper åpner opp for nye forståelseshorisonter, i fortid, nåtid og fremtid.
Is liberal internationalism worth saving? Ad hoc coalitions and their consequences for international security
Slow responses and blocked decision-making of international organizations provide opportunities for ad hoc coalitions to fill functional and political gaps. Compared to UN peace operations, ad hoc coalitions avoid gridlock and high transaction costs, they are fast to set up, can be task and time specific, flexible and easily dissolved. However, they also have much lighter human rights and financial accountability frameworks, a patchy record of longer-term impact and can contribute to a more fragmented response to armed conflicts and threats to international peace and security.
The EU’s international cyber and digital engagements
Digital omstilling blir en stadig viktigere prioritering for EU. Digital omstilling driver økonomisk vekst og muliggjør samfunnsutvikling. Likevel er ikke EUs digitale lederskap universelt anerkjent, ikke heller anerkjennes EUs evne til å levere på feltet. Enkelte stiller spørsmål ved EUs lederskap og visjon om en digital fremtid med mennesket i fokus og rettsstatsprinsipper i bunn. Samtidig begrenses EUs globale innflytelse av manglende evne til å levere på visse kritiske kapabiliteter innen digital- og cyberdomenet. Mens forventningene til EUs rolle har vokst, styres cyber- og digitalpolitikken fremdeles primært mellomstatlig. Denne policy briefen ser på EUs rammer for og implementering av sitt internasjonale cyber- og digitale engasjement ovenfor tredjeland. Hva driver samarbeidet og hva er de spesifikke verktøyene og mekanismene EU iverksetter? Policy briefen vurderer også implikasjoner for Norge.
Friendship in International Politics
I dagens internasjonale ordskifte snakkes det ofte om vennskap og 'spesielle bånd' mellom stater og deres ledere. Siden midten av 2000-tallet har en voksende forskningslitteratur argumentert for at vennskap mellom stater ikke bare kan eksistere, men slike vennskap kan også kan ha stor innvirkning i og på internasjonale politiske prosesser og utfall. Dette bidraget til Oxford Research Encyclopedia gir en innføring i og oversikt over sentrale bidrag til forskningen på vennskap i internasjonal politikk.
Annex to the report 'Norway’s strategic dependencies in global supply chain networks'
This annex is connected to the NUPI Report 'Norway’s strategic dependencies in global supply chain networks' found here: https://www.nupi.no/en/publications/cristin-pub/norway-s-strategic-dependencies-in-global-supply-chain-networks
Norway’s strategic dependencies in global supply chain networks
Economic interdependence and global supply chains are being investigated anew. For a long time, a belief in the ability of growing economic ties to foster cooperation, dampen conflict, and enhance prosperity was predominant in academic and political thinking alike. However, these assumptions have recently proven to be half-truths at best. Rather than dampen conflict, the asymmetries of global supply chains have turned them into coercive tools for the powerful to wield against the powerless. Through sanctions and export controls, states controlling vital chokepoints in global economic networks can cause harm in targeted states, and through controlling the nodes of information highways, intelligence agencies can gain access to sensitive information by leveraging the key position of their domestic companies. For states with small, open economies, this development poses a thorny problem: the toolbox for realigning global supply chains is limited, but reliance on supply chains beyond national control is extensive. The problem is not limited to being in a position of dependence, however. For smaller states, being in control over global assets, or being a key provider of a product or resource others depend on can be a double-edged sword. As economic coercion becomes more widely deployed, the impetus for protecting and securing assets increases, and the risk that they might drag smaller states into geopolitical contests grows. Addressing these concerns, it is vital to develop tools, frameworks, and methodologies for assessing supply chains from a national perspective, with a focus on how economic interdependence might introduce geopolitical risks. Against this background, this report builds on recent theoretical and methodological developments for analyzing global supply chains in light of their potential for geopolitical weaponization. More precisely, it will study Norway’s position in global value chains by combining recent methodological developments on the network analysis of supply chains and recent analysis of country-level aggregated analysis of supply dependencies. This allows for a study of supply chains as networks of economic relations, in which the position of different national economies contains both strategic capacities, or assets, by being central suppliers on which other countries depend, and vulnerabilities, by depending heavily on other countries. The report thus uses network analysis to identify Norway’s positions and their related strategic vulnerabilities and assets. Link to the Annex for this report: https://www.nupi.no/publications/cristin-pub/annex-to-the-report-norway-s-strategic-dependencies-in-global-supply-chain-networks
How does climate change affect peace and security?
This comic is based on findings from our series of Climate, Peace, and Security Fact Sheets, which aim to present reliable, relevant, timely and actionable information and analysis on climate-related peace and security risks in selected countries and regions on the United Nations Security Council Agenda. The Climate, Peace, and Security Fact Sheets are a joint product by the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), with funding from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The information in this comic does not necessarily reflect the views of the donor.
A role for state governments in social licensing for renewable energy projects in Mexico
In Mexico, energy governance has mainly been a federal matter. However, the state (regional) governments, motivated by environmental and climate concerns, economic development opportunities, and social community needs, have recently started to explore ways to facilitate renewable energy development. But although state governments claim renewable energy reduces energy poverty and express support for a just transition, these projects do not seem to have social licenses—explicit support for them to proceed—at the local community level. The discrepancy between rhetoric and reality is related to the way these projects are negotiated and implemented. In this policy brief we examine two paths that the Mexican states can take to improve the social licensing of renewable energy projects. First, they can establish a framework for ethical conduct and evaluation of the potential impacts of renewable energy projects, including elements such as adherence to international standards, inclusive planning processes, and environmental and social impact assessments. Second, they can implement proactive, engagement-focused measures that empower state and local governments to facilitate renewable energy projects and reduce transaction costs.
Mapping renewable energy policy development at the state level in Mexico
This report maps renewable energy policy development at the state (provincial) level in Mexico and tracks early experiences with renewable energy deployment in four selected Mexican states. “Renewable energy policy” refers to the policy instruments that state governments have adopted to facilitate renewable energy deployment (e.g., long-term climate and energy strategies and subsidies), and the institutionalization of these instruments through the establishment of state entities responsible for their implementation (e.g., state energy agencies).