Trust and taxation in Zanzibar’s tourism sector
This report examines how trust shapes tax compliance in Zanzibar’s vital tourism sector, based on a survey of 316 tour operators. While most operators demonstrate a strong sense of civic duty and a high willingness to pay taxes, trust in tax authorities remains moderate. The findings highlight that compliance depends not only on enforcement, but also on clarity, fairness, and reciprocity as businesses are more likely to trust tax authorities when rules are easy to understand and when tax payments translate into visible public benefits. At the same time, the report shows that administrative complexity, unclear procedures, and unpredictable fee changes continue to challenge tour operators, with some willing to make use of informal coping strategies despite prevailing norms in favour of compliance. It concludes that improving communication, simplifying the tax system, and strengthening the perceived link between taxes and public services could play a key role in enhancing both trust and revenue collection in Zanzibar’s most important industry.
A region under pressure: Preventing climate change related conflict in the Lake Chad region
How can we best prevent and manage climate-related insecurity in one of the world's most vulnerable regions? In this episode of the NUPI podcast T...
National network for competence on Russia (RUSSNETT 2026)
The national network for competence on Russia aims to preserve and further develop Norwegian knowledge of Russia across sectors in Norway. ...
Networked defense in the Indo-Pacific: Deepening security and defense relations between Australia and Japan and the role of Norway
The Indo-Pacific security architecture is developing into a more networked constellation involving a combination of overlapping bilateral, trilateral, minilateral and multilateral arrangements. Deepening defense cooperation between Japan and Australia parallels Europe and Norway’s heightened engagement and presence in the Indo-Pacific region. Norway’s engagement in the Indo-Pacific involves gaining deeper insight into a region of increasing strategic importance and the opportunity to promote its own defense industry. This research was supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Defence, through the project ‘Japan’s Shifting Role in Regional Defence and Global Security’.
The TaxCapDev network
The TaxCapDev network brings together Norwegian researchers and experts to strengthen knowledge sharing on illicit financial flows, taxation, and the exploitation of natural resources....
Keeping your cool: Arctic security challenges across time and space
The dispute over Greenland has drawn broader attention to Arctic security among NATO allies, EU member states, and beyond. As the most immediate tensions related to Greenland may subside, heightened interest in – and awareness of – security challenges in the region will persist and warrants nuanced discussion and international coordination. These developments set the tone for this Input Memo to the Arctic Security Roundtable at the 2026 Munich Security Conference.
How to implement a full maritime services ban on Russian oil
The EU is considering a full maritime services ban on Russian oil. While the final proposal and decision are still pending, the measure would replace the current oil price-cap regime by prohibiting European and allied companies from providing maritime services for Russian oil exports, regardless of the sale price. The ban would cover transportation, insurance, financing, and other related services. This brief outlines how such a full services ban could be designed and implemented effectively, and how to address potential negative side effects and potential Russian countermeasures. This brief is part of the The Nordic–Baltic Eight (NB8) Institute Series of Topical Briefs.