Forsker
Kari M. Osland
Kontaktinfo og filer
Sammendrag
Kari Margrethe Osland (PhD) direktør ved NUPI.
Oslands arbeid har fokusert overveiende på konfliktdynamikk, opprør, fredsoperasjoner og fredsbygging. Osland skrev doktorgrad om internasjonal bistand til politireform i land etter konflikt, og sammenlignet Afghanistan, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Kosovo, Serbia og Sør-Sudan.
Hun skrev sin MPhil om folkemord og brukte Københavnerskolens sikkerhetiseringsteori på Rwanda og Bosnia-Hercegovina. Hun har utført konsulentoppdrag for FN, Utenriksdepartementet og for Politidirektoratet, særlig innen internasjonal politiarbeid og reform av sikkerhetssektoren. Hun har feltarbeidserfaring fra Balkan (30+), Afghanistan (2) og en rekke afrikanske land (Niger, Sør-Sudan, Sudan).
Ekspertise
Utdanning
2014 PhD i statsvitenskap, Universitetet i Oslo
2000 Cand. polit., (statsvitenskap og sosialantropologi), Universitetet i Bergen
Arbeidserfaring
2023- Direktør, NUPI
2014-2023 Seniorforsker, NUPI
2014-2020 Leder for Forskningsgruppen for fred, konflikt og utvikling, NUPI
2008-2014 Doktorgradsstipendiat (inkl. 33 mnd. foreldrepermisjon)
2004-2008 Forsker ved FN-programmet, NUPI
2001-2002 Koordinator for den nordiske forskningsgruppen for fredsoperasjoner
2000-2004 Forsker og leder for FN-programmet, NUPI
1998-2000 Programkoordinator og vitenskaplig assistant for FN-programmet, NUPI
Aktivitet
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Tøm alle filtrePreventing Organized Crime. The Need for a Context-Sensitive, System-Wide Approach.
Recent years have seen important developments regarding the UN Security Council and the UN Secretariat. The Security Council, which has increasingly recognized organized crime as a serious threat to international peace and security—especially in relation to terrorism—has begun using sanctions to deal with organized crime and trafficking in Mali and Libya. Further, serious and organized crime (SOC) police units have been established in several UN field operations, including in the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Mali. However, there is still no UN-wide policy on organized crime, and the issue has been conspicuously absent from recent strategic documents such as the Action for Peacekeeping Declaration (A4P). This report argues that there is need for a UN system-wide approach to peace operations for preventing and addressing organized crime, and its links to terrorism. To achieve this, UN member states and the UN Secretariat should seek to consolidate and broaden its nascent law enforcement capacity- building police approach into a context sensitive, system-wide approach. Six specific recommendations for the way forward are offered.
Lessons from the Ebola Crisis in West Africa: Community engagement, crisis communication and countering rumours
What lessons can we draw from the 2014-2016 Ebola crisis in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone? While both the outbreak itself and the context is different, there are enough similarities between the Ebola crisis and COVID-19 to extract useful lessons and best practices. In this research note, the focus is on three key lessons from the Ebola experience: community engagement, crisis communication and countering the rumour mill. In the world’s most fragile states, an uncontrolled outbreak of COVID-19 would have devastating consequences for the population. In a scenario where the spread of the coronavirus is under control in large parts of the world, the survival of COVID-19 in fragile states would also most certainly be a source for new waves of infections to the rest of the world. Not only do fragile states lack capacity to react adequately on their own, but their ability to utilise external support and assistance is limited due to low absorption capacity.
China's Evolving Approach to UN Peacekeeping in Africa
China’s new, assertive role in UN peacekeeping, especially in Africa, represents a significant shift in Beijing’s peace and security posture that is not yet fully reflected in official discourse and rhetoric, but that reflects China’s new confidence with its global power status. Every significant adaptation in its peacekeeping policy has reflected an important shift in the country’s practical foreign and security policy. Tracing and tracking China’s peacekeeping policy and practice is thus a useful proxy for analysing the evolution of its peace and security considerations. In this report Senior Research Fellows Kari Osland and Cedric de Coning consider the medium- to long-term trajectory of China’s peace and security practices by analysing its recent activity in Africa, focusing on how China has used its contributions to the UN peacekeeping missions in Mali (MINUSMA) and South Sudan (UNMISS).
Preventing Violent Extremism in the Balkans and the MENA: Strengthening Resilience in Enabling Environments (PREVEX)
Det overordnede målet med PREVEX er å foreslå mer finjusterte og effektive tilnærminger til å forhindre voldelig ekstremisme gjennom å styrke ulike samfunns motstandsdyktighet....
Kina og FNs bærekraftsmål (CHINSDG)
Hva er Kinas prioriteringer inn mot FNs 2030 bærekraftsagenda, og hvordan fremmer kinesiske aktører ulike interesser og muligheter for internasjonalt samarbeid?...
Norsk utviklingspolitikk i en tid med klimaendringer og geopolitisk spenning
Denne strategiske satsningen har som hovedmål å bidra til at Utenriksdepartementet, Norad og andre aktører innenfor utviklingspolitikk skal få systematisk og relevant kunnskap om hvordan internasjonal...
The double proximity paradox in peacebuilding: implementation and perception of the EU rule of law mission in Kosovo
This contribution increases the understanding of the EU's role in post-conflict settings by exploring perceptions of EULEX by local rule of law experts. Drawing on critical peacebuilding and the decline of normative power Europe literatures, we develop an analytical framework, underlining the importance of the intention–implementation gap and the implementation–perception gap in understanding how EU missions are perceived. By comparing local expert narratives to those of EULEX judges, prosecutors, and legal officers, we contend that the core problem for the negative perception of the mission results from what we call the double proximity paradox in peacebuilding. The first paradox is one of implementation and transpires when an actor commits substantial resources to address structural problems in a post-conflict territory due to its centrality for its own interests, but fails to uphold its commitment as its immediate interests can only be achieved through agents who contribute to these problems. The second paradox relates to perception and transpires as high commitments raise expectations of structural impact. The visibility of the actor's investment makes any implementation failures more tangible. The actor is therefore, paradoxically, the most open to criticism in a territory where it is doing the most.
Frukostseminar: EU i Sahel – frå gode intensjonar til Europa først?
Forskarar frå nokre av dei leiande institutta i verda har i eit treårig prosjekt sett nærare på kva for nokre lokale innverknader EUs kriserespons har hatt i områda der desse har funne stad, og korleis unionen kan forbetre responsmekanismane sine.
Kor godt har FNs fredsoperasjonar i Mali og Sør-Sudan fungert?
I samband med den internasjonale dagen for fredsbevaring har NUPI gleda av å invitere til eit seminar om effektiviteten av FNs fredsoperasjonar i Mali og Sør-Sudan.
Stengde grenser, nye kriser
Har EUs kriserespons i Midtausten og Sahel under flyktningkrisa vore suksessfull eller har den fungert mot hensikta si? Velkommen til Brussel og til seminaret som markerer slutten av prosjektet EUNPACK.